Multi-objective Optimisation of a Modular Building for Different Climate Types

A modular hotel unit has been optimised for a range of climate types. The objectives were carbon emissions and construction cost, and the optimisation was performed using a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Variables covered solar and fabric properties as well as heating and cooling systems and renewables. Constraints governed roof area and comfort. Shading provision was determined separately for each orientation. Results are presented for each climate type and the behaviour of variables amongst the optimal solutions examined graphically. PV capacity and system type were the most significant variables, exhibiting clear performance bands; U-values cycled periodically within these bands.